IWCP Garden Group: meeting on Tuesday, 28th February 2023
Special
subject: Sue Spence on "Natural Fertilizers"
Plants need potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen which
are absorbed through the root system.
How do these work for plants?
helps form strong stems
plant growth
helps plants fight disease
Phosphorus: harvests the sun's energy and converting it into growth and reproduction helps form roots, seeds, flowers, fruit
helps plants fight disease
Nitrogen: leaf growth
good leaf colour (nitrogen deficiency symptom is yellowing leaves
POINTS TO REMEMBER
· Most natural fertilizers are a concentrate and need diluting
· Most natural fertilizers are dark brown – LABEL THE BOTTLE (give dilution ratio)
· Be aware that the brown liquid will stain tiling so use a saucer under pots on tiles
· Add around base of plants, not foliage
· Fertilize plants during the growing period
· Add fertilizer either after rain or after watering (wet earth absorbs liquid better)
· If fertilizing vegetables, DO NOT water foliage (water carefully around base)
· If making a smelly fertilizer, site away from the house
COFFEE GROUNDS (for potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen)
Coffee grounds
1 tsp. cinnamon
club soda water
Mix together
with the club soda water and add to pot plants.
Dilution: use undiluted
Use: once a week
COFFEE GROUNDS (for acid-loving plants such as hortensia,
parsley)
Add spent coffee grounds around the plant and fork in well as they will
take moisture from the plant.
BANANA PEEL
(rich in potassium and phosphorus).
Good for roses
Wash peel first to
remove processing materials.
EITHER soak in water for 3 - 4 days, remove peel and spray undiluted liquid
on the plants.
OR chop skin into small pieces
and dig deep into the earth around the plant
Dilution: use undiluted
Use: during growing period
WEED TEA (rich in nitrogen) Small quantity
10 litre bucket
weeds
water
Fill bucket a quarter full of weeds then add water to
the top and soak for a week. Remove
weeds and throw away (do not put them on your compost).
Dilution: use undiluted.
WEED TEA (BLACK
GUMBO) Large quantity, anaerobic
(without oxygen - smelly)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVF26Dza0uA
Large plastic barrel (needs lid to keep out mosquitos).
Fill barrel with green garden refuse (without seeds or seed heads) and fill almost to the top with cold water, then top up with warm water. Cover and leave for 2-4 months (VERY smelly). Add seaweed and other organic material, it is a permanent, concentrated brew.
Dilution:
3:7 so 3 scoops black gumbo to 7
scoops water
Use: every 2-3 weeks during growing period.
WEED TEA (aerobic = not smelly)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVF26Dza0uA
Large plastic barrel
plastic window box w/out
holes to collect fluid
3 bricks
2 lengths wood
fine chicken
wire (filter).
Make holes in bottom of
barrel to match collecting tray dimensions.Place 3 bricks
in bottom of barrel with filter on top. Fill with
vegetation and add round flat disk with rock on top to weigh down vegetation. As vegetation
compacts & reduces keep adding vegetation to the top. If making in
summer months, add some water. Concentrated
liquid collects in container in 2-3 weeks in hot weather.
Dilution: 1:20 (½ litre feed to a 10 litre watering) can to begin with, cld increase
to 1:10 later.
Use: Apply every 2-3 weeks during growing
period.
GRASS
CUTTINGS TEA (adds potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus,
chlophyl & amino acids)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uUCgRSdcyoA
Grass cuttings
+ mesh bag
Water
Bucket
Do not use
grass cuttings which have had any chemicals applied to them. Place the grass cuttings into the mesh bag
into the bucket and add water. Steep
for four days and strain off.
Dilution: use undiluted
Use: every 2 weeks to base of plants or
spray on leaves
TEA AND
PORRIDGE OATS (for nitrogen)
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/aComOG01DxU
1 teabag
1 tblsp. porridge oats
skin of one banana (optional)
500ml water
Empty
teabag into a large jar, add the porridge oats and banana skin and half a litre
of boiling water. Allow to stand for
one hour then strain the liquid through a sieve.
Dilution: use undiluted
Use: Feed the plants every three weeks.
COMPOST TEA (Les Secrets de Nos Grandperes)
This can also
be made with a good quality commercial compost if you don’t have home-made compost
A square or
round of jute (50cm)
A length of
string
Container
water
3 handfuls of
well-matured compost
2.5 litres of
water
Place the
compost in the centre of the jute and close tightly with the string. Fill the container with the water and soak
the bagged compost in the water for 5 to 8 days and stir once every day. Water plants at the base with the undiluted
“tea”. If using this tea for
vegetables, take care not to water the foliage.
Dilution: use undiluted
Use: every 2 weeks in the spring then every month in the summer
EGGSHELLS (calcium and potassium, lowers acidity in the
soil)
Wash eggshells inside and out, then dry
and crush them finely with mortar and pestle..
EITHER
spread crushed shell around the plant.
The shell will be absorbed by the earth
OR put in saucepan and add water. Bring to the boil and boil for 2 – 3 minutes
then cool.
Dilution: use undiluted
Use: could also be a deterrent for slugs
(along with holly leaves)
WOOD ASH
(rich in potassium, magnesium and calcium)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVF26Dza0uA
This
fertilizer will hardly change the Ph of the soil.
Wood
ash (must not have been exposed to rain which washes away minerals.
Rain
water
Container
Mix
ash and water together at 1:5 ratio and stir well to create a concentrated mix.
Dilution:
1 cup (250 ml) of concentrated
fertiliser to 4 litres of water (1 cup : 1 gallon)
Use: once a week
COMFREY (rich in potassium, nitrogen, phospherus - promotes plant growth and kills parasites). Difficult to buy plants so have to grow from seed
1 kg
comfrey leaves
Large
plastic container
Lidded
plastic bottles for storage
Roughly chop the leaves and place in a plastic container with 10 litres of water. Soak for one month, stirring every day, until there are no more bubbles on the surface. Sieve the liquid and store in lidded plastic bottles (keeps for approx, six months in airtight container).
Dilution: 1:20 ratio (one cup comfrey to 20 cups water) if
spraying foliage
OR 1:4 if watering the base of the plants
Use: once a week for tomatoes (once the fiowers have set) and on plants needing a pick-
me-up. If using for edible plants stop using one month before harvesting.
NETTLES
(Urtica dioica) Difficult to buy plants, so have to grow from
seed. OR
buy ready-made liquid called Purin d’Ortie (concentrate, needs diluting)
Grow in moist
soil in a constricted area (remember those nettles in UK?). This is a very foul smelling process so
do not do it inside the house or garage.
EITHER Buy a length of flat flexible metal or thick
plastic used for restricting bamboo plants,
make an overlapping circle and bury
in the ground with 5cm showing above soil.
OR grow in large plastic pots and keep the earth moist. The plant is deciduous so no
leaves in
winter months.
Propagation is by
lateral roots – dig up a plant and cut the root |(with fine roots leading off
the thicker root) into 5cm lengths and plant several in a large pot. Keep near the house as it need frequent
watering.
Seeds:
https://www.graines-et-bio.fr/graines-bio-aromatiques-et-medicinales/graines-bio-ortie-dioique-711?ads=googleshopping&gclid=Cj0KCQiAo-yfBhD_ARIsANr56g4zKf6nCOM_q0SUI-oFGdN4nHkFPEXfa0fXQOYuKhGbkPIfUHyAF_waAqBhEALw_wcB
Cost:
€3.20 free delivery
Nettle leaves
Container with lid
Water
Fill a bucket with chopped nettle leaves. Cover with water, place lid loosely on top
(do not fasten) and soak for 1 - 2 weeks, stirring daily until there are no
more surface bubbles. Strain the liquid
into plastic bottles with screw lids and put the nettle solids onto the
compost.
Dilution: 1:10 with water (do not
dilute large quantities and store, dilute just enough for
immediate use). The concentrate liquid
will last for six months.
Use: every 4-6 weeks either to the base of the plant OR by spraying the foliage where it
acts as an insect
repellant.. Good to spray on foliage of roses
SASKIA’S
NETTLE & LENTIL SOUP
Ingredients: 100g
nettle tops (i.e. small leaves)
100g
puy lentils (green)
½
litre stock
1
small onion
1
½ tbsp. olive oil
Juice
of half a lemon
150
ml yhoghurt or buttermilk
1
clove of garlic
Salt
and pepper to taste
50g chopped mixed herbs (sorrel, parsley, cherval, tarragon, lovage & thyme)
Method:
Wash the lentils and pick over
carefully, removing any small stones and put in a large pan with the
stock. Bring to the boil and simmer until they are soft, approximately 45
minutes.
Peel and chop the onion.
Heat the oil in a frying pan and fry the onion until soft and golden.
Half way through the frying, add the chopped garlic. Wash the
nettles and add them to the cooked lentils. Cook the mixture for another
5 minutes till the nettles have softened. Add the onion, garlic and mixed
herbs. Blend the soup till smooth. Stir in 1 tablespoon of lemon
juice and the yoghurt or buttermilk and serve hot.